Wednesday, May 31, 2006

Signs that Made a Life Worth Living

Deafblind people are not destined to lead a poor excuse for a real, happy life. Apparently, this is something that needs saying, at least in the Netherlands. Anne Baker said it to a doctor just in time to prevent stopping the life support of a deafblind infant. By www.indianngos.com In the Netherlands vierhandengebarentaal (four hands sign language) can be used by doofblinden next to NGT or other communication means. I once witnessed the preparations of lessons in this sign language. A group of deafblind people gathered to act as counterparts of hearing students. Obviously they were having a good time, enjoying each others company as a group of friends would. Their communication amongst each other and with the hearing teachers was not without difficulties but then again, so is mine with many people. You can check some online movies.

Tuesday, May 30, 2006

Winx Club Fairy Tales

My daughter L. of four years old asked me for a Winx club magazine in the shop today. Apparently, they are all the rage at het school. Will Bloom tell you who you are? Check the answers further down. I started to object, then wavered under her enthusiasm. Luckily, when I opened the first pages I saw a great excuse to buy it: Fairy Bloom tests your personality based on your body language (in Dutch they even call it gebarentaal). It assumes that the way you fidget shows your deeply hidden sides. Is this Freudian psychobabble contemporary folk psychology? I hope it's just a fairy tale.

Monday, May 29, 2006

Czech Gestures

Here are some Czech gestures and taboos. Czechs are said not to be extravagant gesturers (which is confirmed by the Canadian foreign affairs office) . Prague: Not used to such lively world leaders? The finger counting is similar to that of the French, and I wouldn't be surprised if the rules are flexible in the Czech republic as well. Hitchhikers be warned to keep your thumbs clearly up, since pointing at the ground refers to prostitution (?). I was also told that it's rude to point at a person or even to wave a finger in the air. And what do you think this biker signals? Best not done on a Czech road? Pointing to (or tapping on) the forehead or temple is an interesting gesture to check cross-culturally. It is said to mean 'you are stupid' for Czechs. I know there are cases where it can mean 'smart of you' instead, or Understand. But perhaps the facial expression will control the negative or positive connotation of the reference to mental capacities. Or the locations forehead and temple might differentiate meaning?

Sunday, May 28, 2006

Dutch Children of a Lesser God

Children of a Lesser God is a great story with solid human characters. It is also about the emancipation of the Deaf and the importance of sign language. Most people probably know the movie, but it was a theatre play first. And now, there is a plan to produce it in Dutch and Sign Language of the Netherlands (SLN, or Nederlandse Gebarentaal, NGT). But, must the leading Deaf lady Sarah be played by a Deaf lady? Joop van der Ende, the producer, would like to put a big name, Angela Schijf, on the billboards. Much to the dismay of the doof.nl community, it appears. Fortunately (for her) Angela Schijf got pregnant, and one might think this would make the choice easier. Alas, the production is simply put off till the 2007-2008 season.

Friday, May 26, 2006

Trading Gestures for Money

News: Australian PM John Howard got caught making risky gestures on the tradefloor, oblivious to the gesture system around him. (source) Check this real trader gesturing in the crude oil pit, or some more pictures. I wonder, will such nice gesture systems, used by future and stock option traders on the trade floor, vanquish with the advance of computer trading? In the Netherlands, this already happened. The last of the traders at Euronext to disappear behind a monitor were the option traders, in 2002. In the US, floor traders and specialists are apparently still very active and secretive gesturers. The SEC installed cameras to fight illegal prior knowledge transactions. Such transactions are often preceded by gestural communication between traders with inside knowledge.

It's the Gestures that Get to You

Ever found yourself deeply moved as you watched other people? What was it that got to you? Was it what they said? Or what they did? Or was it the fact that behind the simple acts (speech or otherwise) you saw the depth of meaning being conveyed? I will bet you a euro for a euro-dime that it's the 'higher meaning' of a simple act that had the capacity to move you. It's what we call a nice gesture, a gesture of good faith, a gesture of support', or a gesture of love, loyalty, forgiveness, etc. Here's a nice story of how a simple act of waving a raised finger to a song became a grand gesture of allegiance to a school, and how it will be sorely missed. It's a lot like Hook 'em Horns for the University of Texas.

Thursday, May 25, 2006

The Divine Power of Mudras

One of the planets most important system of gestures is that of Mudras, aka Hand Mudras, Mudrâs, (Sanskrit, मुद्रा, literally "seal"; 印相 inzō in Japanese, wikipedia), mudras of the Buddha, or Yoga for Your Hands. Is this Yoga saying OK, or Asshole, or is it a Dharmacakra Mudra? Each mudra symbolizes and invokes a divine power or deity. Monks use them in their meditation. You can use them in sculptures, dance, or wherever you require a divine reference. Rumour even has it that this science of hand and finger postures can help you to cure bodily ailments in a wonderful manner. I guess the mass of online info speaks for itself, and I barely have anything to add, not having practised the art nor witnessed it's usage. This post may well be but an excuse to show this lovely, sexy photo (by Bootzie): Is this lady trying to cure her ear ache with a Shunya mudra? Perhaps she has hearing problems? Stuff: Katie Kiley made a 10-plate series of mudras, one of which, Invitation to Enlightenment, was awarded the Paul & Magaret Bertelson Prize and the Samuel F.B. Morse Medal. Mudra van de Week.

Wednesday, May 24, 2006

The Guru of Gestures

Here's a weird video of a guy who shares his creative thoughts on some gestures. It is difficult to decide whether he's irritating, funny or just fooling around. Quiet or I'll chop you in half? In any case he nicely demonstrates the funny stuff that can happen to gestures. He invents a 'weird' gesture or at least seeks world-wide acceptance of it (check alternatives). He also adjusts the form of 'ssshh, quiet' and several others. And in-between he provides a constant stream of co-speech gestures. There is a self-destructive threat and some obscenities (reminding me of Matthew Richardson) near the end which are... eh, interesting... but I definitely like his scary dinosaur best of all.

Tuesday, May 23, 2006

10 Ways to Point Politely

Most of you will have heard your mothers tell you: "stop that! it's rude to point". Could it be one of those human universals? I have it confirmed from the Netherlands, France, England, United States, Turkey ... (please let me know in the comments if it applies in your country) This guy may not upset you much That doesn't mean it never happens, of course. But there are many ways in which people, who need to point out a person, will try to avoid being rude. They can:
  1. Use an open hand instead of just the index finger
  2. Supinate (turn upwards) the palm of the hand, though not in extrema
  3. Point beneath a person, not at him. In some games, for example basketball, the referee will point to the feet of the perpetrator of a foul (personal experience)
  4. Keep the hand close to your own body
  5. Point with a nod of your head (and flick your eyebrows)
  6. Point by directing your gaze and then protruding your lips which is in a 'lower register' (Laos, Wilkins)
  7. Point with your tongue in your cheek
  8. Shield the pointing finger with your other hand (Bra)
  9. Say 'the guy at eleven o'clock' instead
  10. If all else fails, smile and raise your eyebrows and try in every way to appear friendly, not accusing. Perhaps the person being pointed out will be glad of the attention
But these two ladies made me suddenly very self-aware Other stuff Some things to avoid: Pointing with your feet (TUR, FR..) and pointing with objects (TUR..) Ghana: taboo pointing by the left hand. Review by D. Leavens of 'Pointing: Where Language, Culture and Cognition Meet' S. Kita ed. Blog by Jacob Eisenstein on culture & pointing.

Flemish Sign Language is 'Official'

Another score for those who seek recognition of sign languages: The Flemish Sign Language (Vlaamse Gebarentaal, of VGT) was recently promoted to 'official language'. Championne Helga Stevens (lovely VGT-videos) was instrumental as a Deaf member of the Flemish parliament. What the 'official recognition' means for the rights of VGT users and usage of VGT in the public domain remains to be seen (check Taalunie). The Deaf are talking hard and fast. Will they turn the political tide in Europe? What happened when NZSL was made official? At the very least it made the people in the Deaf Association of New Zealand very happy. Their brothers and sisters from the flemish Doof Actie Front also hosted a 'cultural party' to celebrate.

Monday, May 22, 2006

Russian Icons

Peirce, a semiotician, wrote about signs (of any sort) as being either symbol, index or icon. How does this relate to Russian icon paintings, such as this one: I saw many such paintings when I was in Russia (Moscow region), where I also had a look at Russian gestures. It appears like the gestures of the figures are very much prescribed for each icon. The blessing with two fingers is most common. But there are many, which I hope in due time to have a better look at. Unfortunately, that's it for now, but feel free to comment...

Friday, May 19, 2006

Jailed for a Gesture

Here are some remarkable legal cases involving gestures. They show, hopefully, that gestures are taken seriously, and that there is need to defend them against unaware courtiers. Is that a threat by Rove? News on 7Online, may '06: A man in the US was put behind bars because 'he made sexual gestures at a group of children'. Metro NL, may '04: 16 year old Goran P. hears a demand for six years for his part in the murder of Maja Bradaric (blog archive). The ministry of justice said Goran had prior knowledge, could have walked away, but instead encouraged Goran M. with gestures 'to do it'. (He got five years in jail) 2001: 30 days for threatening gesture on flight from Israel to US Fined for Gesture: US lady and Qatari exchange the finger in Qatar - Brando threatening jury in US or gesturing 'guilty' - Skolnick fined for finger in Brazil - Koeman for 'blind' gesture in Portuguese football match - Artest for obscenity in US basketball - SA Cricketer Gibbs for faking injury in UK - Russian Tennisplayer Zvereva at Wimbledon for two fingers high - Info on the forbidden Hitler Salute

Court Gestures

How serious do we take gestures? Science tells us gestures are intended to communicate and perceived as such (Melinger & Levelt 2004, pdf). Common sense tells us the same. Yet, gesture researchers like Susan Goldin-Meadow feel it necessary to point out that more attention should be paid to them, for example in the court room. Trials: rich in gesture rituals? Goldin-Meadow warns (Hearing Gesture, 2003) against the use of gestures to lead a witness. She fears gestures can be used by skilled lawyers as an additional line of communication (to witness or jury) that doesn't show up in the minutes. Gestures are not transcribed like spoken words. Although she has a point that gestures effect legal interviews, I do think gestures are monitored to prevent an unwanted 'sub-rosa conversation'. To use her own example, it would surprise me if no protest followed when a lawyer suggests to a child through gesture that a person had a beard (trying to lead the witness). Do words get more attention than gestures? In the Netherlands, and France as well, legal interviews with children (e.g. as witness) are conducted in closed sessions which are videotaped. In that way, all their communicative behaviour is put on record. My general impression is that we, the people, pay good attention to gestures, both in the court room and outside it. Perhaps gestures were underrated by certain scholars for a while. As for the importance of gestures in society, or in court, I see no challengers, only some fiery champions. For some background check this paper Re-membering Law: Legal Gesture in the Past, Present And Future by Law Prof BJ Hibbitts. And here are examples of legal cases involving gestures. Still not tired of reading? Chew on section 3, book XI, of Quintilian: Institutio Oratoria. If you are a lawyer, you may still learn from classic Roman rhetorics how to deliver a speech with appropriate gesturing.

Thursday, May 18, 2006

Universal Sign Language in Gloucester

Today on BCC News "Street cleaners in Gloucester have been learning greetings in Japanese and sign language for the deaf to help make visitors feel more welcome." It's obviously useful to learn a few Japanese phrases. Dutch tourists are often asked: "you from Germany, yes?" If one responds "No, the Netherlands", what do you get back? "Nederland Kikkerland", "Kijken, kijken, niet kopen", "Hasjiesh, hasjiesh", etc. I have the souvenirs to prove it. But what on earth will a street cleaner sign to a Japanese tourist? My first guess would be 'hello' or 'good morning'. Even such formal greetings differ a lot in the sign languages of the world: NGT: Hello and Good morning. ASL: Hello (which is also goodbye?) and here's one for Morning, an open invitation to misinterpretations... Alternatively, the people will be taught to pay attention to their gesturing. To not be shy to greet somebody with a gesture, or to wave goodbye or make an occasional bow Japan-style. That would be good. But it wouldn't be 'sign language for the deaf'. Luckily most Japanese tourist have their hearing, and hopefully enough good sense to let the good people in Gloucester 'save face'.

Tuesday, May 16, 2006

GestureTek on XBOX 360

In the news: the XBOX 360 will be sold including gesture recognition, made by GestureTek. Here some response by geeks & gamers. It appears to be following Sony Playstation Eye-Toy developments, perhaps going a step further? Even my dad played Eye-Toy GestureTek is probably the most succesful commercial player in gesture recognition. They are also going to develop interactive learning/gaming environments for kids together with Hasbro. Now, why don't they get into touch with some sign language people? It would be great to get such a player interested in sign language recognition. Or is their tek too rough to handle such delicate gestures? Can they only catch the big motions? There is this curious bit of news and a video on Gizmodo about 2 camera's being used? GestPoint is a specific bit of GestureTek that is used, for example in the Boijmans van Beuningen, where it appears to be part of the 'Digital Depot'.

Monday, May 15, 2006

The Butthole is not OK

There is a story about how Americans gesture 'OK' in Brazil which is mistaken for an obscenity, see also in this column: Are You Rude? Four Accidental Goofs, which features many classic gesture mix-up stories. I find it hard to believe, and I never hear first-hand evidence of actual misunderstandings. I think people easily exaggerate or dramatize these 'funny gesture stories'. For the Brazilian 'butthole' gesture the orientation of the hand (supinated to show the ring in front) is clearly important. But I guess that if you want to misread someone, you may grab your chances with it. And, of course, if you're a sloppy 'OK' signer, like these two, it will happen without a doubt. I checked it with a Brazilian colleague here at the University. She said it can happen if people don't know anything about Americans, and if they want to see it that way. The way it is held (supinated) is definately required. A similar opinion is held by this American expat here. To add more subtlety: Adam Kendon (2004, Gesture) wrote an entire section about a family of gestures which use the same 'ring' hand shape, none of which are obscene. They are considered 'precision grip' gestures. Most refer in some way to exactness, as in 'just right', 'perfecto', or 'pay precise attention now'. Differences in orientation or accompanying movement separate the different uses. Update: There is a reward out for evidence of a real misunderstaning.

Brazilian Gestures

Brazil appears to be a country with many conventional gestures. The figa is used there to ward off bad luck. The horns (with index and middle finger) are used jokingly mostly. (Source Maria-Brazil) Some really nice gestures are Papo-furado ('bullshit'), Delicious, Don't Know, and the best one is Speed, which actually takes a lot of practice to get a good snap of the flapping index finger... I had a colleague from Brazil check the site, and it was all good apart from Thief (unknown) and Saco Cheio ('my balls are full', which is sooner said than gestured). Some will tell you about how Americans in Brazil gesture 'OK' which is then mistaken for the 'Butthole' sign (I find it hard to believe much of it, nor did B. think it would happen easily).

Friday, May 12, 2006

Warning! You're Boring!

Thanks to JL for this story on a device from MIT that warns you if you're boring. It is supposed to pick up emotions of people you talk to. They made it for autists. But would the concept 'boring someone' have a clear meaning to an autist? Boring someone refers to a complex relational status: The autist talks to you, and you to the autist. Your conversation is not purely functional but supposed to entertain. You sufficiently entertain the autist, presumably, but he is not sufficiently entertaining you. The autist risks losing your interest if he does not become more entertaining? Or he could end the conversation and set you free. Both solutions, entertaining and detaching, require good interactive skills. What's an autist to do, I wonder? A sudden attempt to be more entertaining can appear odd and forced. A sudden detachment can also appear strange. The alarm itself, which the autist must notice and check, can cause embarrassment. The autist can be embarrassed for having to trust a device (mounted on his glasses) instead of his own judgement. You can feel embarrassed because you could not hide being bored. You may also feel uncertain on how to behave to please the machine's emotion recognition. What does it think of as boring? What are you to do? What to avoid? MIT tells us that the accuracy is 90% for actors, and 64% for ordinary people. Presumably both under lab conditions and not in the real world. That is so bad that additional very strange things will happen. The alarms will be unreliable. Now, imagine this conversation: You: Hi, nice weather, isn't it? Autist: I don't like sun. You: It might rain later. Autist: I like rain... wait, sorry, I am boring you, yes? You: Well...eh... Autist: I know a joke. You: Okay... Autist: Well, bye! And all you really wanted was to spend some quiet time with you're autistic relative, keeping up a simple conversation, while your mind wandered elsewhere (what to cook tonight, perhaps).

Thursday, May 11, 2006

Rap Gestures going Global

Some of the fastest spreading gestures on Earth are typical Rap gestures. Gestures matter to a Rap artist and his public, although this 'news-story' is laying it on a bit thick (it's a fake news-item). This is DJ Besho conquering the hearts of the younger generation with Afghan Rap. For more examples check here, here, and here two kids mimicking them (although one is making the mano cornuto...). Dutch rappers like Ali B, gesture much in the same way as DJ Besho (although the upturned V could simply be obscene as well). And these two swiss rappers are also copy-cats, but lack some finesse (is that an obscenity adopted from Brazil? Or what? And the other the 'W'-sign from the US West Coast rappers like 2Pac or Ice Cube?). It's almost as if the Rap copy-cats are mixing the original Rap gestures with local or adopted obscenities. I sincerely doubt that original Rap stars do that. Ps. There's a guy at the Uni of Twente (nl) who's making a virtual Rap dancer. He's done the Kris-Kros move. I guess he won't include obscenities.

Monday, May 08, 2006

Inventing a 'Sorry' gesture

The ANWB (a traffic organization) took it upon itself to invite readers to come up with gestures to say 'sorry' to other drivers in traffic. This born-dead initiative actually was reported in the Kampioen of May 2006 (their semi-glossy), with no less than 5 suggestions:

  • The V-for-victory sign (but then the V would stand for 'Verontschuldiging'...)
  • SORRY in Sign Language of the Netherlands (NGT); a fist rubbed in small circles on the chest...
  • Spreading the fingers in front of the eyes (as in 'could you see this through the fingers, please', which is a Dutch saying)
  • Tapping the chest 3 times an saying 'Mea Culpa, Mea Culpa, Mea Maxima Culpa'...
  • Raising a hand with 3 fingers spread and stretched (index, middle, ring) towards the face, forming a capital E, as in Excuse, Excusez, Excuus, Entschuldigung...

Apart from just being silly proposals, this list is quite wonderful. It shows how little most people are aware of the way our gestures evolve. They aren't invented by a committee and spread to the masses. A new gesture, like a new word, starts appearing in everyday language, first used in a small group then gaining popularity. Often, it will have been adopted from other cultures, it's meaning perhaps slightly deformed.

Adding to the silliness of the story: It's a rerun of this halfbaked-idea (and one more). And like the first responder, I will add that at least in the Netherlands there is a generally used sign for sorry: Hand lightly up, palm facing recipient, shrug shoulders, give sheepish smile, mouth 'sorry'. Not unlike this one from South Africa. I wonder, could it even be universal?

There's a nice one from the back of Aussie Brett Lee, trying to appease an angry cricket opponent after hurling a nasty ball at him: Update: 3VO, the traffic safety agency that masterminded the election, now hass a poll online, here's the results.

A Gesture that Touched a Nation

Here's a nice story (pdf) about two baseball players, Pee Wee Reese standing by Jackie Robinson in the face of racist fan-abuse. Reese's action unites the two levels of gesture: first in the narrow sense there is the actual action of 'standing by someone', a simple form-meaning pair of standing beside someone and embracing his shoulders that means to communicate 'I am with you/this person', this is the gesture-simple. Second, there is the high-level message. The act in it's context: a white player showing his support for a black player who faces racism in a sport that was then (1947) considered 'white', in a racist society. The meaning: "I (PW Reese) admire Robinson as a man and a ballplayer and do not tolerate this racism" or "The Dodgers will stand together" or whatever the reader makes of it (there is a larger beholder's share at a higher level, I think). This second act-meaning pair is the gesture-complex.